African+slaves*

=The African Slaves: A Perspective on American History= by Kordell Searles and Jack Garrard

The African slaves are a diaspora of people from western and eastern African countries involved in the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. Pre-1492, they lived in the region now called Africa. Geographical features that would have limited this group’s ability to move include: The Sahara Desert, the Alantic Ocean. Pre-1492, this group probably interacted with its neighbors -- other tribes of Africa. Eventually, the Africans would shape American history in the following ways: by helping the North against the South and by being part of slavery's horrible past.
 * Introduction:**

Many west Africans believed that the rising sun was birth and the setting sun was death and in between was the after life.
 * Religion (Worldview):**

In the 2000 census, 36.3 million people in the U.S. were African Americans.
 * Population in the United States:**


 * HISTORY:**

The Portugal first brought slaves to Europe in 1491. They were also brought to work on the plantation on the West Indies in 1441
 * 1492: Columbus’ Arrival in the Americas**

The first African Slaves were brought to the present day United States of America in 1526.
 * 1521: Cortes Encounters the Aztecs in Mexico**

Slavery of Africans was started in Scotland.
 * 1776-1787: American Revolution; U.S. Constitution**

Slavery was revived by Napoleon.
 * 1802: Tlingit Battle the Russians at Sitka**

Fugitive Slave act was made. This act made sure that escaped slaves were returned to their owner.
 * 1850: Fugitive Slave Law Made**

The North and South didn't agree about slaves. Many escaped and freed slaves joined the North. In 1862, President Lincoln made the Emancipation Proclamation, which guaranteed freedom to all slaves in the South if the South did not rejoin the union. The South did not rejoin; the North won the war. Then the 13th Amendment was created to ban the practice of slavery.
 * 1863: The U.S. Civil War; Emancipation Proclamation**

Although the Civil Rights Act of 1875 attempted to create equality between whites and blacks, the act had little effect. In the 1890s, many states began to make what were later known as "Jim Crow" laws, which made segregation legal. These supposedly "separate but equal" laws would not be overturned until the 1950s and 1960s, when Martin Luther King, Jr., and Rosa Parks were fighting for desegregation.
 * 1890: Westward Movement; Reform Movements**

58% Africans-Americans live in cities.
 * 2009: Today**

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_americans http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Crow_laws
 * African Americans in the United States**


 * ~ Year ||~ Number ||~ % of total population ||~ Slaves ||~ % in slavery ||
 * 1790 || 757,208 || 19.3% (highest) || 697,681 || 92% ||
 * 1800 || 1,002,037 || 18.9% || 893,602 || 89% ||
 * 1810 || 1,377,808 || 19.0% || 1,191,362 || 86% ||
 * 1820 || 1,771,656 || 18.4% || 1,538,022 || 87% ||
 * 1830 || 2,328,642 || 18.1% || 2,009,043 || 86% ||
 * 1840 || 2,873,648 || 16.8% || 2,487,355 || 87% ||
 * 1850 || 3,638,808 || 15.7% || 3,204,287 || 88% ||
 * 1860 || 4,441,830 || 14.1% || 3,953,731 || 89% ||
 * 1870 || 4,880,009 || 12.7% || - || - ||
 * 1880 || 6,580,793 || 13.1% || - || - ||
 * 1890 || 7,488,788 || 11.9% || - || - ||
 * 1900 || 8,833,994 || 11.6% || - || - ||
 * 1910 || 9,827,763 || 10.7% || - || - ||
 * 1920 || 10.5 million || 9.9% || - || - ||
 * 1930 || 11.9 million || 9.7% (lowest) || - || - ||
 * 1940 || 12.9 million || 9.8% || - || - ||
 * 1950 || 15.0 million || 10.0% || - || - ||
 * 1960 || 18.9 million || 10.5% || - || - ||
 * 1970 || 22.6 million || 11.1% || - || - ||
 * 1980 || 26.5 million || 11.7% || - || - ||
 * 1990 || 30.0 million || 12.1% || - || - ||
 * 2000 || 36.6 million || 12.3% || - || - ||